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Chang, YK, Hsieh HH, Pong WF, Tsai MH, Dann TE, Chien FZ, Tseng PK, Chen LC, Wei SL, Chen KH, Wu JJ, Chen YF.  1999.  X-ray-absorption of Si-C-N thin films: acomparison between crystalline and amorphous phases. J. Appl. Phys.. 86:5609-5613.
Pong*, WF, Yeh CL, Chang YD, Tsai M-H, Chang YK, Chen YY, Lee JF, Wei SL, Wen CY, Chen LC, Chen KH, Lin IN, Cheng HF.  2001.  X-ray absorption studies of carbon-related materials. J. of Synchrotron Radiation. 8:145-149.
S.C. Ray, Tsai HM, Chiou JW, Jan JC, Kumar K, Pong* WF, Chien FZ, Tsai M-H, Chattopadhyay S, Chen LC, Chien SC, Lee MT, Lin ST, Chen KH.  2004.  X-Ray absorption studies of boron–carbon–nitrogen (BxCyNz ) ternary. Diamond & Related Mater.. 13:1553-1557.
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Chen, KH, Wu JJ, Wen CY, Chen LC, Fan CW, Kuo PF, Chen YF, Huang YS.  1999.  Wide Band Gap Silicon Carbon Nitride Films Deposited by Electron Cyclotron Resonance Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition. Thin Solid Films. 355-356:205.
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Chang, ST, Wang CH, Du HY, Hsu HC, Kang CM, Chen CC, Wu CS, Yen SC, Huang WF, Chen LC, Lin MC, Chen KH.  2012.  Vitalizing fuel cells with a vitamin: pyrolyzed vitamin B12 as non-precious catalyst for enhanced oxygen reduction reaction. Energy & Environ. Sci.. 5:5305-5314.
Lin, YG, Hsu YK, Chen YC, Chen SY, Chen LC, Chen KH.  2012.  Visible-light-driven photocatalytic carbon-doped porous ZnO nanoarchitectures for solar water-splitting. Nanoscale. 4:6515-6519.
Lin, JC, Chen KH, Chang HC, Tsai CS, Lin CE, Wang JK.  1996.  The vibrational dephasing and relaxation of CH and CD stretches on diamond surfaces: An anomaly. J. Chem. Phys.. 105:3975-3983.
Yen, HF, Horng YY, Hu MS, Yang WH, Tai Y, Chen KH, Chen LC.  2015.  Vertically aligned epitaxial graphene nanowalls with dominated nitrogen-doping for superior supercapacitors. Carbon . 82:124-134.
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Liu, YL, Yu CC, Fang CY, Chen HL, Chen CW, Kuo CC, Chang CK, Chen LC, Chen KH.  2013.  Using optical anisotropy as a quality factor to rapidly characterize structural qualities of large-area graphene films. Analytical Chemistry.
Chen, LC, Lu TR, Bhusari DM, Wu JJ, Chen KH, Kuo CT, Chen TM.  1998.  The Use of a Bio-molecular Target for Crystalline Carbon Nitride Film Deposition by Ar Ion-Beam Sputtering without Other Source of Nitrogen. Appl. Phys. Lett.. 72:3449.
Daichakomphu, N, Abbas S, Chou T-L, Chen L-C, Chen K-H, Sakulkalavek A, Sakdanuphab R.  2022.  Understanding the effect of sputtering pressures on the thermoelectric properties of GeTe films. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 893:162342. AbstractWebsite

In this work, we study the effect of sputtering pressures on the thermoelectric properties of GeTe films. The working pressures were differentiated from 3 to 30 mTorr, and the as-deposited films were annealed at 623 K for 10 min in Ar atmosphere. The results show that the working pressure has a significant effect on the Ge content and crystalline size. The turning trend of the Seebeck coefficient with different sputtering pressures corresponds to the Ge content. The surface morphology of annealed film will change from cracks to voids with increasing sputtering pressure. This behavior can be explained by the growth mechanisms model. The voids and relatively low crystalline size of GeTe films affect to the reduction of the electrical conductivity. In addition, the void content decreased as film thickness was increased. Therefore, controlling the working pressures in the sputtering process and film thickness is important for the thermoelectric performance of GeTe thin film. In our work, we prove that the thermoelectric properties of GeTe films could be optimized effectively by simply tuning different sputtering conditions.

Fathabadi, M, Qorbani M, Sabbah A, Quadir S, Huang C-Y, Chen KH, Chen L-C, Naseri N.  2022.  Ultrathin amorphous defective co-doped hematite passivation layer derived via in-situ electrochemical method for durable photoelectrochemical water oxidation, 2022. Journal of Materials Chemistry A. :-.: The Royal Society of Chemistry AbstractWebsite

Although hematite (i.e., α-Fe2O3) has been widely investigated in photoelectrochemical water oxidation studies due to its high theoretical photocurrent density, it still suffers from serious surface charge recombination and low photoelectrochemical stability. Here we report an in-situ electrochemical method to form a uniform and ultrathin (i.e., 3–5 nm) passivation layer all over the porosities of the optimized ~3.2% Ti-doped α-Fe2O3 photoanode. We unveil the amorphous and defective nature of the in-situ derived layer assigning to a high concentration of oxygen vacancy and intercalated potassium atoms there, i.e., the formation of Ti/K co-doped defective α-Fe2O3-x. Owing to the efficient passivation of surface states, alleviated surface-potential fluctuations, and low charge-transfer resistance at the interface, photoanodes show an average of ~60% enhancement in the photoelectrochemical performance, applied bias absorbed photon-to-current efficiency of 0.43%, and Faradaic efficiency of ~88%. Moreover, the passivation layer prevents direct contact between the electrode material and electrolyte, resulting in less degradation and outstanding photoelectrochemical stability with photocurrent retention of ~95% after ~100 hours, albeit by performing several successive in-situ electrochemical passivation processes. This work presents an industrially scalable method to controllably engineer the interfaces of semiconductors–electrolytes with precious metal-free defective hematite-based co-catalysts for sustainable photoelectrochemical solar-to-fuel conversion applications.

Roy, P, Kumar, Haider G, Chou T-chin, Chen K-H, Chen L-C, Chen Y-F, Liang C-T.  2019.  Ultrasensitive Gas Sensors Based on Vertical Graphene Nanowalls/SiC/Si Heterostructure, 2019. ACS SensorsACS Sensors. 4(2):406-412.: American Chemical Society AbstractWebsite
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Chen, RS, Chen HY, Lu CY, Chen CP, Chen LC, Yang YJ, Chen* KH.  2007.  Ultrahigh photocurrent gain in m-axial GaN nanowires. Appl. Phys. Lett.. 91:223106.
Sun, CL, Chen* LC, Su MC, Hong LS, Chyan O, Hsu CY, Chen KH, Chang TF, Chang L.  2005.  Ultrafine platinum nanoparticles uniformly dispersed on arrayed CNx nanotubes with high electrochemical activity. Chem.of Mater.. 17:3749-3753.
Fang*, WC, Leu MS, Chen KH, Chen LC.  2008.  Ultrafast charging-discharging capacitive property of RuO2nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes using nitrogen incorporation. J. Electrochem. Soc.. 155:K15-K18.
Chen, CP, Ganguly A, Chen RS, Fischer W, Chen LC, Chen KH.  2011.  Ultra-sensitive in situ label-free DNA detection using GaN nanowires-based extended-gate field-effect-transistor sensor. Anal. Chem.. 83:1938-1943.
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Junaid, M, Lundin D, Palisaitis J, Hsiao CL, Darakchieva V, Jensen J, Persson POA, Sandstrom P, Lai WJ, Chen LC, Chen KH, Helmersson U, Hultman L, Birch J.  2011.  Two-domain formation during the epitaxial growth of GaN (0001) on c-plane Al2O3 (0001) by high power impulse magnetron sputtering. J. Appl. Phys.. 110:123519.
Huang, S-J, Muneeb A, Sabhapathy P, Bayikadi KS, Murtaza T, Raju K, Chen L-C, Chen K-H, Sankar R.  2021.  Two-Dimensional Layered NiLiP2S6 Crystals as an Efficient Bifunctional Electrocatalyst for Overall Water Splitting. Catalysts. 11, Number 7 AbstractWebsite

The quest of earth-abundant bifunctional electrocatalysts for highly efficient oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is essential for clean and renewable energy systems. Herein, directed by the experimental analysis, we demonstrate layered nickel lithium phosphosulfide (NiLiP2S6) crystal as a highly efficient water-splitting catalyst in alkaline media. With strained lattice due to stacked layers as observed by TEM and electronic structure analysis performed by XPS showed mixed Ni2+,3+ oxidation states induced by addition of Li as a cation, NiLiP2S6 displays excellent OER (current density of 10 mA cm–2 showed an overpotential of 303 mV vs. RHE and a Tafel slope of 114 mV dec–1) and HER activity (current density of −10 mA cm–2 showed an overpotential of 184 mV vs. RHE and a Tafel slope of 94.5 mV dec–1). Finally, an alkaline media was employed to demonstrate the overall water splitting using NiLiP2S6 as both the anode and the cathode, which attained a 50 mA cm−2 current density at 1.68 V. This bimetallic phosphosulfide, together with long-term stability and enhanced intrinsic activity, shows enormous potential in water splitting applications.

Chou, CT, Lin CH, Wu MH, Cheng TW, Lee JH, Liu CHJ, Tai Y, Chattopadhyay S, Wang JK, Chen KH, Chen LC.  2011.  Tuning open-circuit voltage in organic solar cells by magnesium modified Alq3. J. Appl. Phys.. 110:083104.
Lin, C-H, Yeh W-T, Sun C-L, Shen J-L, Lee J-H, Chen L-C, Wang J-K, Chen* K-H.  2011.  Tuning energy-level in magnesium modified Alq3. J. Appl. Phys.. 109:083541.
Chien, CT, Li SS, Lai WJ, Yeh YC, Chen HA, Chen LC, Chen KH, T.Nemoto, Isoda S, Chen M, Fujita T, Chhowalla M, Chen CW.  2012.  Tunable photoluminescence from graphene oxide. Angewandte Chemie. 51:6662-6666.
Bhusari, DM, Teng CW, Chen KH, Chen LC.  1997.  Traveling wave method for measurement of thermal conductivity of thin films. Rev. Sci. Instrum.. 68(11):4180-4183.
C. Y. Chang, Chi GC, Wang WM, Chen LC, Chen KH, Ren F, Pearton* SJ.  2005.  Transport properties of InN nanowires. Appl. Phys. Lett.. 87:093112-(1-3).
Liu, YL, Yu CC, Lin KT, Yang TC, Wang EY, Chen HL, Chen LC, Chen KH.  2015.  Transparent, broadband, flexible, and bifacial-operable photodetectors containing a large-area graphene-gold oxide heterojunction. ACS Nano . 9:5093-5103.