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Tsai, P-Y, Che D-C, Nakamura M, Lin K-C, Kasai T.  2011.  Orientation dependence for Br formation in the reaction of oriented OH radical with HBr molecule. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 13:1419-1423., Number 4 AbstractWebsite

The orientation dependence of Br-atom formation in the reaction of the oriented OH radical with the HBr molecule using the hexapole electrostatic field was studied. Experimental results for the orientation dependence in the reaction were analyzed using a Legendre polynomial fit. The results show two reactive sites. It was found that O-end attack is most favored for this reaction, and that H-end attack also shows a pronounced reactivity. The reactivity of the side-ways attack was found to be small. By comparing the results of the orientation dependence in the reaction with studies of inelastic collisions and theoretical calculations, two reaction pathways are proposed. Reaction by O-end attack is followed by a direct abstraction of the H-atom from the HBr molecule. The mechanism for H-end attack may have H-atom migration from HBr to form the water molecule. © 2011 the Owner Societies.

Tsai, P-Y, Che D-C, Nakamura M, Lin K-C, Kasai T.  2010.  Orientation dependence in the four-atom reaction of OH + HBr using the single-state oriented OH radical beam. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. 12:2532-2534., Number 11 AbstractWebsite

The orientation dependence for the Br atom formation in the reaction of the oriented OH radicals with HBr molecules at 0.26 eV collision energy has been observed for the first time using the hexapole electric field, and we found that the reaction cross-section for O-end attack is more favorable than that for H-end attack by a factor of 3.4 ± 2.3. © the Owner Societies.

Veerakumar, P., LK-C.  2020.  An overview of palladium supported on carbon-based materials: Synthesis, characterization, and its catalytic activity for reduction of hexavalent chromium. AbstractWebsite

Palladium plays a pivotal role in most of the industrial heterogeneous catalysts, because of its unique properties such as well-defined structure, great intrinsic carrier, outstanding electronic, mechanical and thermal stability. The combination of palladium and various porous carbons (PCs) can widen the use of heterogeneous catalysts. This review highlights the advantages and limitations of carbon supported palladium-based heterogeneous catalyst in reduction of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)). In addition, we address recent progress on synthesis routes for mono and bimetallic palladium nanoparticles supported by various carbon composites including graphene-based materials, carbon nanotubes, mesoporous carbons, and activated carbons. The related reaction mechanisms for the Cr(VI) reduction are also suggested. Finally, the challenge and perspective are proposed. © 2020