Coauthored Publications with: Panneer Muthuselvam

Journal Article

Veerakumar, P, Panneer Muthuselvam I, Hung C-T, Lin K-C, Chou F-C, Liu S-B.  2016.  Biomass-Derived Activated Carbon Supported Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as Recyclable Catalysts for Reduction of Nitroarenes. ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. 4:6772-6782., Number 12 AbstractWebsite

Highly porous beetroot-derived activated carbons incorporated with well-dispered magnetite nanoparticles (Fe3O4 NPs; average size ca. 3.8 ± 0.5 nm) were fabricated via a microwave-assisted synthesis route. The magnetic Fe3O4@BRAC catalysts so-fabricated were characterized by a variety of diffent physicochemical teniques, viz. XRD, FE-TEM, VSM, gas physisorption/chemisorption, TGA, XPS, Raman, ICP-AES, and FT-IR spectroscopy. The as-prepared catalysts were exploited for heterogeneous-phase reduction of a series of nitroaromatics (RNO2; R = H, OH, NH2, CH3, and COOH) under KOH as a base, isopropyl alcohol acting as a hydrogen donor as well as solvent and also tested with other solvents. The reaction system not only exhibits excellent activity with high anilines yield but also represents a green and durable catalytic process, which facilitates facile operation, easy separation, and catalyst recycle. © 2016 American Chemical Society.
Veerakumar, P, Tharini J, Ramakrishnan M, Panneer Muthuselvam I, Lin K-C.  2017.  Graphene Oxide Nanosheets as An Efficient and Reusable Sorbents for Eosin Yellow Dye Removal from Aqueous Solutions. ChemistrySelect. 2:3598-3607., Number 13 AbstractWebsite

In this study, 2D graphene oxide nanosheets (GONS) were synthesized and characterized by XRD, Raman, SEM, FE-SEM, TEM, XPS, TGA, UV-vis and FTIR spectral techniques. The efficiency of eosin yellow (EY) dye adsorption on the GONS under various experimental parameters such as contact time, pH and temperature was investigated. Adsorption kinetic data were characterized appropriately using pseudo second-order-kinetics and intraparticle diffusion methods. Free energy of adsorption (ΔG0), enthalpy (ΔH0), entropy (ΔS0) changes, activation energy and Arrhenius factors were also calculated. The endothermic and spontaneous nature of the adsorption process was confirmed by the positive value of the enthalpy change (ΔH0) and the negative value of free energy change (ΔG0). The adsorption mechanism was investigated by FTIR spectra of GONS before and after adsorption of EY dye molecules. The remarkable adsorption capacity of EY onto the GONS can be attributed to the various adsorption interaction mechanisms such as hydrogen bonding, π-π electron, and electrostatic interactions. The maximum adsorption capacity for EY was calculated to be 217.33 mg g-1. © 2017 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Veerakumar, P, Panneer Muthuselvam I, Thanasekaran P, Lin K-C.  2018.  Low-cost palladium decorated on: M -aminophenol-formaldehyde-derived porous carbon spheres for the enhanced catalytic reduction of organic dyes. Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers. 5:354-363., Number 2 AbstractWebsite

We report the use of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) immobilized on m-aminophenol/formaldehyde resin (APF)-derived porous carbon spheres (Pd@PCS) as heterogeneous catalysts for the reduction of organic dyes. The morphology, structure, surface compositions, and textural properties of PCS and the Pd@PCS catalyst were characterized fully to document the excellent catalytic efficiency of Pd@PCS composites. Pd NPs of mean particle size ca. 12 ± 0.8 nm were highly dispersed on the surface of PCSs, and possessed surface area and pore volume as high as 896.3 m2 g-1 and 0.934 cm3 g-1, respectively. Prepared catalysts were applied to the reduction of various organic dyes; high catalytic activity towards crystal violet, eosin yellow and sunset yellow was observed. More importantly, the catalysts could be recovered readily, and reused many times with good stability. Therefore, the robust material utilized for the treatment of containing organic dyes could be used widely for environmental applications. © 2018 the Partner Organisations.