Chou, YS, Chang CC, Chang TC, Yang TL, Young TH, Lou PJ.
2013.
Photo-Induced Antitumor Effect of 3,6-Bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) Carbazole Diiodide. Biomed Research International.
AbstractWe have applied a fluorescent molecule 3,6-bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) carbazole diiodide (BMVC) for tumor targeting and treatment. In this study, we investigated the photo-induced antitumor effect of BMVC. In vitro cell line studies showed that BMVC significantly killed TC-1 tumor cells at light dose greater than 40 J/cm(2). The fluorescence of BMVC in the tumor peaked at 3 hours and then gradually decreased to reach the control level a. er 24 hours. In vivo tumor treatment studies showed BMVC plus light irradiation (iPDT) significantly inhibited the tumor growth. At day 24 a. er tumor implantation, tumor volume was measured to be 225 +/- 79 mm(3), 2542 +/- 181 mm(3), 1533 +/- 766 mm(3), and 1317 +/- 108 mm(3) in the iPDT, control, light-only, and BMVC-only groups, respectively. Immunohistochemistry studies showed the microvascular density was significantly lower in the iPDT group. Taken together, our results demonstrated that BMVC may be a potent tumor-specific photosensitizer (PS) for PDT.
Tseng, T-Y, Chien C-H, Chu J-F, Huang W-C, Lin M-Y, Chang C-C, Chang T-C.
2013.
A specific fluorescent probe for visualizing G-quadruplex DNA by fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. J Biomed Opt.. 18(10):101309.
AbstractABSTRACT. The importance of guanine-quadruplex (G4) is not only in protecting the ends of chromosomes for human telomeres but also in regulating gene expression for several gene promoters. However, the existence of G4 structures in living cells is still in debate. A fluorescent probe, 3,6-bis(1-methyl-2-vinylpyridinium) carbazole diiodide (o-BMVC), for differentiating G4 structures from duplexes is characterized. o-BMVC has a large contrast in fluorescence decay time, binding affinity, and fluorescent intensity between G4 structures and duplexes, which makes it a good candidate for probing G4 DNA structures. The fluorescence decay time of o-BMVC upon interaction with G4 structures of telomeric G-rich sequences is ∼2.8 ns and that of interaction with the duplex structure of a calf thymus is ∼1.2 ns. By analyzing its fluorescence decay time and histogram, we were able to detect one G4 out of 1000 duplexes in vitro. Furthermore, by using fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy, we demonstrated an innovative methodology for visualizing the localization of G4 structures as well as mapping the localization of different G4 structures in living cells.
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