<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="6.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bin Xia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yu Wu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hui Wen Ho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chang Ke</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wen Dong Song</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cheng Hon Alfred Huan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jer Lai Kuo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wei Guang Zhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lan Wang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A possible origin of room temperature ferromagnetism in Indium–Tin oxide thin film: Surface spin polarization and ferromagnetism</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physica B: Condensed Matter</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">İTO\} thin film</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2011</style></year></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921452611004741</style></url></web-urls></urls><number><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></number><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">406</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3166 - 3169</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Room temperature ferromagnetism in both transition-metals doped and undoped semiconductor thin films and nanostructures challenges our understanding of the magnetism in solids. In this report, we performed the magnetic measurement and Andreev reflection spectroscopy study on undoped Indium–Tin oxide (ITO) thin films and bulk samples. The magnetic measurement results of thin films show that the total magnetization/cm2 is thickness independent. Prominent ferromagnetism signal was also discovered in bulk samples. Spin polarized electron transports were probed on İTO\} thin film/superconductor interface and bulk samples surface/superconductor interface. Based on the magnetic measurement results and spin polarization measurement data, we propose that the ferromagnetism in this material originates from the surface spin polarization and this surface polarization may also explain the room temperature ferromagnetism discovered in other undoped oxide semiconductor thin films and nanostructures.&lt;/p&gt;
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